Time-related underemployment, female in Europe & Central Asia
Europe & Central Asia: Time-related underemployment, female was 4.9% in 2024. ▬ Flat
Time-related underemployment, female in Europe & Central Asia, 2006–2024
Source: International Labour Organization. “Labour Force Statistics database (LFS)” ILOSTAT. Accessed January 07, 2025. https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/. Measured in % of employment.
Analysis
In 2024, time-related underemployment, female in Europe & Central Asia stood at 4.9%.
That represents a change of up 5.6% on the previous year and down 14.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, time-related underemployment, female in Europe & Central Asia peaked at 6.0% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 4.6%, in 2006.
Time-related underemployment, female in Europe & Central Asia, year by year
| Year | % of employment | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 4.6% | — |
| 2007 | 4.9% | +6.2% |
| 2008 | 6.0% | +21.8% |
| 2009 | 5.1% | -14.2% |
| 2010 | 5.2% | +1.5% |
| 2011 | 4.9% | -6.1% |
| 2012 | 5.2% | +5.5% |
| 2013 | 5.7% | +10.6% |
| 2014 | 5.7% | +0.8% |
| 2015 | 5.4% | -5.5% |
| 2016 | 5.0% | -7.2% |
| 2017 | 5.8% | +15.0% |
| 2018 | 5.7% | -2.0% |
| 2019 | 5.4% | -5.4% |
| 2020 | 6.0% | +12.7% |
| 2021 | 5.6% | -6.9% |
| 2022 | 5.1% | -9.8% |
| 2023 | 4.7% | -8.3% |
| 2024 | 4.9% | +5.6% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 5.2% | 4.6% | 6.0% | 4 |
| 2010s | 5.4% | 4.9% | 5.8% | 10 |
| 2020s | 5.3% | 4.7% | 6.0% | 5 |
Countries ranked near Europe & Central Asia
More gender data for Europe & Central Asia
- Labor force, female 195.42 million (2025)
- Labor force, female, per capita 0.2096 units per person (2025)
- Labor force, female, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Labor force, female, annual growth rate -0.066 % change on previous year (2025)
- Labor force, female, per square kilometre 7.08 units per square kilometre (2023)
- Ratio of female to male youth unemployment rate (% ages 15-24) 113.5% (2025)
- School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, female 16.26 years (2019)
- School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, male 15.91 years (2019)
- Proportion of women in ministerial level positions 27.2% (2025)
- Own-account workers, female (% of female employment) 9.0% (2016)
Frequently asked questions
- What is time-related underemployment, female in Europe & Central Asia?
- Time-related underemployment, female in Europe & Central Asia was 4.9% in 2024, according to International Labour Organization. “Labour Force Statistics database (LFS)” ILOSTAT. Accessed January 07, 2025. https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/.
- What is the highest time-related underemployment, female recorded in Europe & Central Asia?
- The highest recorded value was 6.0% in 2020.
- What is the lowest time-related underemployment, female recorded in Europe & Central Asia?
- The lowest recorded value was 4.6% in 2006.
- How does Europe & Central Asia rank for time-related underemployment, female?
- Europe & Central Asia ranks 5th out of 13 groups with data for 2024.
- Is time-related underemployment, female rising or falling in Europe & Central Asia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 14.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is flat.
- Where does this Europe & Central Asia data come from?
- The figures come from International Labour Organization. “Labour Force Statistics database (LFS)” ILOSTAT. Accessed January 07, 2025. https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/, published as part of Time-related underemployment, female (% of employment). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 19 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Time-related underemployment refers to all persons in employment who (i) wanted to work additional hours, (ii) had worked less than a specified hours threshold (working time in all jobs), and (iii) were available to work additional hours given an opportunity for more work.